An Interview With A Public School Setting - 1713 Words

Working in a public school setting provides a rich profusion of opportunities to interact with both children and adults claiming a multitude of different cultural and ethnic identities. As diverse populations continue to grow in the U.S., it becomes increasingly necessary for professionals and service workers of all types to acquire cultural competency. Although Suh (2004) identifies multiple variations of the exact definition, and the term as a whole contains many different components, its meaning and adherence have an undeniably universal effect and leads to harmonious and synergistic relationships between people of all cultural backgrounds. In an interview with John (named has been changed for confidentiality) on June 3, 2016, the†¦show more content†¦He decided to pursue a career as a high school English teacher. He began his career teaching in Grand Rapids, Michigan where he taught for 6 years falling more and more in love with being an educator every day. While teachin g, he pursued his master’s degree in educational leadership, and gradually took on roles within the school practicing leadership and curriculum development. It was there that he admits having his first real exposure to a melting pot of diversity both in his students, and his colleagues (personal communication, June 3, 2016). During the interview process, John (personal communication, June 3, 2016) reported that the most common minority groups he worked with were Hispanics and African-Americans, with the demographic breakdown of his first school being 20% African-American, 35% Hispanic, and 60% low income. During conversation, John admits that he strongly identifies with â€Å"white middle class† and feels his beliefs and values are consistent with the â€Å"average American†. He also admits that he entered the field with the naà ¯ve impression that everyone was more or less striving to attain the same â€Å"Middle-White-American dream†. As he quickly learned, nothing could prepare him for the diversity-laden challenges he would soon encounter (personal communication, June 3, 2016). Though there are many things John (personal communication, June 3, 2016) values in his work, he

Murray Compensation Essay - 875 Words

Re: Murray Compensation, Inc. Facts Murray Compensation, Inc. (Murray), an SEC registrant that provides payroll processing and benefit administration services to other companies, granted 100,000 â€Å"at-the-money† employee share options on January 1, 2006. The awards have a grant-date fair value of $6, vest at the end of the third year of service (cliff-vesting), and have an exercise price of $21. Subsequent to the awards being granted, the stock price has fallen significantly. On January 1, 2008, Murray decreased the exercise price on the stock options to $12. This downward adjustment to the exercise price was made in order to ensure that the options continue to provide intended motivation benefit to employees. However, in addition†¦show more content†¦10 states that an entity shall account for compensation cost from share-based payment transactions with employees in accordance with the fair-value-based method. Under the fair-value-based method, the cost of services received from employees in exchange for awards of share-based compensation shall be measured based on the grant-date fair value of the equity instruments issued. A10-A17 discuss the acceptable methods of calculating fair value at the grant date. The grant-date fair value of the Murray options is $6. Following the guidance in Illustration 4(a), Share Options with Cliff Vesting, of FAS 123(R), compen sation expense for the years ended December 31, 2006 2007 is $200,000 per year (calculation attached hereto). However, at issue is the calculation of compensation expense for the years subsequent to the change in exercise price and vesting period. FAS 123(R) 51 states that a modification of the terms or conditions of an equity award shall be treated as an exchange of the original award for a new award. 51 further states that in substance, the entity repurchases the original instrument by issuing a new instrument of equal or greater value, incurring additional compensation expense for any incremental value. FAS 123(R) B182 states that in accounting for a modification of the terms of an award of employee share-based compensation, such transactions generally are transfers ofShow MoreRelatedHow Employees Can Be Motivated To Higher Levels Of Performance By Better Compensation Packages1732 Words   |  7 PagesAccording to history, the notion of compensation for work pre-dates to sometime between 10,000 BC and 1,000 BC during the Neolithic Revolution (Wikipedia). Back then, salt was used as payment till around 560 BC when coins came into circulation and money was invented (Wikipeida). Money became widely used as the payment for labour. To date, money is still the main medium of exchange between employer and employee. In today’s highly competitive market, organisations are often faced with increased competitionRead MoreEssay on Analysis of Comparable Worth and the Common Good2448 Words   |  10 Pagesimplemented through reclassification and compensation changes, which took place p rimarily from 1987-1989. New Yorks efforts toward equality were found to have produced adjustments averaging $685 annually per affected worker. Overall, the cost to organizations was found to be approximately 1% of payroll. The researchers postulated that pay gaps that remain after pay equity has been implemented must stem from causes other than biased classification and compensation systems. This finding leads them to concludeRead More Accounting for Compensation at a Company Essay806 Words   |  4 PagesRe: Murray Compensation, Inc. Facts Murray Compensation, Inc. (Murray), an SEC registrant that provides payroll processing and benefit administration services to other companies, granted 100,000 â€Å"at-the-money† employee share options on January 1, 2006. The awards have a grant-date fair value of $6, vest at the end of the third year of service (cliff-vesting), and have an exercise price of $21. Subsequent to the awards being granted, the stock price has fallen significantly. On January 1Read MoreBenefits Of A Person Focused Pay Program1409 Words   |  6 PagesPerson-focused pay systems convey that employees need to move away from viewing pay as a privilege. Simply, person-focused pay programs use compensation as a reward earned for gaining and fulfilling job relevant knowledge and skills (Stasheen, 2015). Likewise, it is contended that, the person-focused pay plan offers job enrichment and variation, and potentially flexibility in scheduling. 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While prostitution has been both a economic and a public health concern for many decades now, there is approximately only sixteen million allocated for enforcing prostitution laws and negative outcomes associated with this crime each year (Murphy, 2010). Murray (2010) sought out to explore why it is exactly that women continue to remain in this lifestyle given the potential risks of prostitution. ThisRead MoreThe reconciliation of the Indigenous, has played a significant part in the history of Aust ralia and600 Words   |  3 Pageshas impacted many generations of Indigenous Australian’s throughout history. Eddie Mabo has played a significant role in the process of reconciliation between Indigenous Australians and the Australian government through his fight for land rights on Murray Island to be restored to their traditional Indigenous owners. Eddie Koiki Mabo has been significantly involved in the reconciliation of Indigenous Australian’s throughout the 1980’s – 1990’s. Eddie Mabo was born on the 29th of June 1936 on Mer Island

Important Things in University Life free essay sample

Important thing in University life It has already passed almost one year since I entered Starts University. Now, I think that it is good for me to talk about something important in university life. I want to focus on an aspect this time. It is also relevant to my aim which I had had when I entered this university. It is the language study. I am majoring in faculty of Engineering, so almost of my friends are not good in English subject. But fortunately that in secondary school I was studied in English program school, so my English was slightly better than almost of my friends.In the first semester I did not have an English class because of my o-net score is more than the standard of foundation English two, so I was passed to study foundation English three. Many of my friends told me that they dont like English subject. We will write a custom essay sample on Important Things in University Life or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Its naturally common in engineering student. But I think the second language such as English is very important in our everyday life. In the future when we have to work or have to communicate with the foreigner, the person who have better skills in English will get more chance and gain more advantage to those who have lower skills.So, I always pay attention to every detail in English class and always practice my English skills every time I can because of the reason I told before. In conclusion, I want to say that English subject Is very Important In University life and extremely important In the future life. One reason Is because of the ACE or Sean Economic Community that allows the foreigner to get a Job In our country and allow us to get a Job at other countries. So, English skills will help us deal with the foreigner, help us have a chance to get a good Job and even help us have a good future.

Primary Health Care Its Impact on Nursing free essay sample

This paper aims to define the term primary health and explain its origins and development; also touching on the impact of primary health on the nursing profession. It will commence with an introduction to primary health and primary health care. Covered in this paper will also be the influence that primary health care has had on nursing and any alterations associated with its implementation. Primary health care aims to provide a health care framework that steps away from the acute care focus and brings to the forefront the utilisation of disease prevention and health promotion (Keleher, Parker Francis, 2010; Mackay, 2007; Nelson, Wright, Connor, Buckley Cumming, 2009). The inspiration for primary health care is thought to have come from many different avenues, from the missionaries work in developing countries to the health policies of Communist China. The utilisation of the ‘barefoot doctors’ – locally living health workers in Communist China’s rural medical services in the 1950s, provided more inspiration for primary health care, as they combined the use of their traditional methods with Western medicine and had a emphasis on rural health care with a preventative focus, rather than urban health care with a curative focus (Wollumbin, 2012). We will write a custom essay sample on Primary Health Care Its Impact on Nursing or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page With the forming of the United Nations in 1945, the concept of a health organisation that tackled global health issues was raised, thus three years later in 1948; the World Health Organisation (WHO) was created (World Health Organisation, 2013). But it was not until 30 years later in 1978, that the Alma-Ata declaration was signed by policy makers and health experts from 134 of the WHO member states, with a common goal of achieving â€Å"Health for All by 2000† (Chan, 2008; WHO, 2013). This declaration provided governments with guidelines to follow in order to achieve this goal, covering the main topics including the organisation of each level of health care with an emphasis on prevention as much as cure and also the need for a more local focus with the expansion of access to health services for the community (Sachs, 2008). Ideally, primary health provides a government with everything it needs to save on health costs, motivating the population to choose healthier lifestyles and in turn, avoid illness (McBride, 2009). In the community, primary health care provides the necessary link between the population and the health care facilities and care coordination services that they need in order to achieve and maintain good health (Davies, Perkins, McDonald Williams, 2009). The general ractice was once the only facility to provide these services but through government initiatives, services are expanding to incorporate clinics led by nurses, and in turn, expanding their role (Davies et al. , 2009). As the population ages in industrialised countries, issues such as chronic disease is putting a strain on the health care system and as workforce shortages are limiting services, the role of the nurse has increased in importance to the point that they will become substantial contributors in the delivery of primary c are (Keleher, Parker, Abdulwadud Francis, 2009). Alongside General Practitioners (GPs), nurses have been identified to be the solution for effectively implementing primary health reforms (Keleher et al. , 2010) and it is because of this that there has been a widening of the scope of practice and an increase in the creation of non-traditional roles and responsibilities for nurses within the primary health care framework (Mackay, 2007). Nelson et al. (2009), states in their article that with the introduction and implementation of primary health nurses, the population would be supported by a framework of care in which nurses were able to integrate with and in certain situations, substitute for GPs in many of the tasks they undertook. The nurse practitioner (NP) role has gained support internationally due to increasing evidence of its success in providing client-focussed, personalised care in the primary health environment (Mackay, 2007; Zand, 2011). The NP has stepped up into innovative roles of primary health care and taken on responsibilities which were previously carried out by other health professionals such as general practitioners (Mackay, 2007; Zand, 2011). As the roles of the nurse increase and diversify with the implementation of primary health care, there are some barriers in achieving a smooth transition to ensure more nursing responsibilities in the community, as stated by Bryce (2008). It is the nurses’ capacity for clinical decision making as part of a health care team that needs to be acknowledged by the wider health care and political community, so that growth in primary care is not just based on the experiences of general practice, but also on the contribution already made by nurses across the community in the primary health system outside of this (Bryce, 2008). However, while in a review of Australian university nursing courses, Keleher et al. (2010), noted that graduate registered nurses are ideally the best candidates to aid in the implementation of the new primary ealth reforms, their preparation for this as provided by educational institutions lacked in certain areas. There was found to be a disproportionate focus on acute care and higher level acuity in illness, with very few courses that taught primary health nursing or wellness promotion on its own (Keleher, 2010). This lead Keleher et al. (2010), to suggest that in order for primary health care reform to be successful, the available university nursing education in Australia needs to be reassessed to include more information on primary health and health promotion in their courses, in order to reflect the role that it has on the population. In conclusion, an increasing emphasis on primary health care in the community is of great benefit as it aids the population to gain an ownership over their health by living healthy lifestyles, which in turn prevent chronic issues that can put a strain on the health care system. The nurse has a significant role in implementing this as they are the largest group of health care workers who are present across a wide variety of environments and are within communities already, gaining respect for their work. By educating nurses about primary health and the growing non-traditional roles available to them, they can be better prepared for and are more likely to choose to work in a primary health care environment. REFERENCES Bryce, J. (2008). Professional: more to primary health care than general practice. Australian Nursing Journal, 16 (3), 17. Retrieved from http://www. library. uq. edu. au Chan, M. (2008). Return to Alma-Ata. The Lancet, 372 (9642), 865-866. Retrieved from http://www. library. uq. edu. au Davies, G. P. , Perkins, D. , McDonald, J. Williams, A. (2009). Integrated primary health care in Australia. International Journal of Integrated Care, 9, 1-9. Retrieved from http://www. library. uq. edu. au Keleher, H. , Parker, R. Francis, K. (2010). Preparing nurses for primary health care futures: how well do Australian nursing courses perform? Australian Journal of Primary Health, 16, 211-216. Retrieved from http://www. library. uq. edu. au Keleher, H. , Parker, R. , Abdulwadud, O. Francis, K. (2009). Systematic review of the effectiveness of primary care nursing. International Journal of Nursing Practice, 15, 16-24. doi: 10. 1111/j. 1440-172X. 2008. 01726. x Mackay, B. (2007). Leadership strategies for role development in primary health care nursing. Nursing Journal NorthTec, 11, 31-39. Retrieved from http://www. library. uq. edu. au McBride, D. (2009). Public health: primary care and health improvement. Practice Nurse, 38 (6), 43-48. Retrieved from http://www. library. uq. edu. au Nelson, K. , Wright, T. , Connor, M. , Buckley, S. Cumming, J. (2009). Lessons from eleven primary health care nursing innovations in New Zealand. International Nursing Review, 56, 291-298. Retrieved from http://www. library. uq. edu. au Sachs, J. D. (2008). Primary Health for All. Scientific American, 298 (1), 34. Retrieved from http://www. library. uq. edu. au Wollumbin, J. (2012). Holistic Primary Health Care – Origins and History. Journal of the Australian Traditional-Medicine Society, 18 (2), 77-80. Retrieved from http://www. library. uq. edu. au World Health Organisation. (2013). About WHO. Retrieved from http://www. who. int/about/history/en/index. html Zand, M. B. (2011). Nursing the primary care shortage back to health: how expanding nurse practitioner autonomy can safely and economically meet the growing demand for basic health care. Journal of Law and Health, 24 (2), 261-284. Retrieved from http://www. library. uq. edu. au